Listed Building

The only legal part of the listing under the Planning (Listing Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997 is the address/name of site. Addresses and building names may have changed since the date of listing – see 'About Listed Buildings' below for more information. The further details below the 'Address/Name of Site' are provided for information purposes only.

Address/Name of Site

NEWARK CASTLELB14300

Status: Designated

Documents

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Summary

Category
A
Date Added
14/04/1971
Supplementary Information Updated
20/07/2006
Local Authority
South Ayrshire
Planning Authority
South Ayrshire
Parish
Maybole
NGR
NS 32246 17377
Coordinates
232246, 617377

Description

16th (possibly 15th) century tower house sited on rocky outcrop. Old part of tower from 2 periods, originally square with later addition forming rectangle. Further 17th century additions were demolished for construction of ornate Baronial extension by David Cousins, circa 1850. Further wing in plainer Baronial style was added by James Miller, 1907-08. Harled tower, later additions in sandstone ashlar. String courses. Pedimented dormers, crowstepped gables, balconies and pepper-pot tourelles.

S ELEVATION: 4-storey 3-bay tower to right with machicolated parapet, extended to 4th bay to left with bipartite windows and pedimented dormer. 3-storey mid-19th century baronial wing to left with advanced crow-step gabled entrance bay above architraved doorpiece forming principal elevation; single and bi-partite multi-paned window to each floor. 3-storey early 20th century wing to left, crow-stepped gables to end bays with ballustraded central section. Irregular fenestration.

N ELEVATION: tower house to left. Mid 19th century advanced wing to centre, rounded corner bartizan with conical roof. Central 2-bays with pedimented wallhead dormers and advanced crow-stepped gable with large heavily corbelled oriel window supported by consoled balcony and flanked by pepper-pot tourelles. 6-bay early 20th century wing to right, crow-step gabled outermost bay with canted bay window to 1st and 2nd storey.

INTERIOR: ornate mid 19th century interior scheme by Cousins in place, including barrel vaulted Drawing Room with ornate shell alcoves and marble fireplaces, an exposed masonry barrel vaulted Dining Room located in the tower house and stair and upper hall with deep decorative cornicing. Original early 20th century interior scheme to billiard room, located in the 1908 wing.

Statement of Special Interest

Newark Castle is a fine example of the development of a Scottish Castle over several centuries with historic connections to the Kennedy family who obtained the castle in the late 18th century. The castle is made up of three distinct phases of building. The original square-plan tower house was extended in the 17th century, doubling its footprint (MacGibbon and Ross, Vol 3 p 379) low lying additons were also added around this time, although these were demolished to make way for the new wing in the 19th century. At this time the tower was reconstructed by David Cousins, and he designed the highly detailed Baronial Wing, both around 1850; this work was undertaken for the Marquis of Ailsa. A further wing was added in the early 20th century by James Miller, working for the Walker family, which although plainer, is still Baronial in style. The composition of these three distinct phases is nevertheless harmonious and creates a highly distinctive building. Its setting high on a rock outcrop also makes a major contribution to the landscape.

Castle upgraded from Category B to A (20.7.2006).

References

Bibliography

1st Edition Ordnance Survey Map (1854-59). MacGibbon and Ross, Castellated and Domestic Architecture of Scotland (1971), Vol 3, pp378-383. R Clow, Ayrshire and Arran (1992) p157. M Davis, The Castles and Mansions of Ayrshire (1991), pp 24, 90, 341-2. DSA, www.dictionaryofscottisharchitects.org.uk.

About Listed Buildings

Historic Environment Scotland is responsible for designating sites and places at the national level. These designations are Scheduled monuments, Listed buildings, Inventory of gardens and designed landscapes and Inventory of historic battlefields.

We make recommendations to the Scottish Government about historic marine protected areas, and the Scottish Ministers decide whether to designate.

Listing is the process that identifies, designates and provides statutory protection for buildings of special architectural or historic interest as set out in the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 1997.

We list buildings which are found to be of special architectural or historic interest using the selection guidance published in Designation Policy and Selection Guidance (2019)

Listed building records provide an indication of the special architectural or historic interest of the listed building which has been identified by its statutory address. The description and additional information provided are supplementary and have no legal weight.

These records are not definitive historical accounts or a complete description of the building(s). If part of a building is not described it does not mean it is not listed. The format of the listed building record has changed over time. Earlier records may be brief and some information will not have been recorded.

The legal part of the listing is the address/name of site which is known as the statutory address. Other than the name or address of a listed building, further details are provided for information purposes only. Historic Environment Scotland does not accept any liability for any loss or damage suffered as a consequence of inaccuracies in the information provided. Addresses and building names may have changed since the date of listing. Even if a number or name is missing from a listing address it will still be listed. Listing covers both the exterior and the interior and any object or structure fixed to the building. Listing also applies to buildings or structures not physically attached but which are part of the curtilage (or land) of the listed building as long as they were erected before 1 July 1948.

While Historic Environment Scotland is responsible for designating listed buildings, the planning authority is responsible for determining what is covered by the listing, including what is listed through curtilage. However, for listed buildings designated or for listings amended from 1 October 2015, legal exclusions to the listing may apply.

If part of a building is not listed, it will say that it is excluded in the statutory address and in the statement of special interest in the listed building record. The statement will use the word 'excluding' and quote the relevant section of the 1997 Act. Some earlier listed building records may use the word 'excluding', but if the Act is not quoted, the record has not been revised to reflect subsequent legislation.

Listed building consent is required for changes to a listed building which affect its character as a building of special architectural or historic interest. The relevant planning authority is the point of contact for applications for listed building consent.

Find out more about listing and our other designations at www.historicenvironment.scot/advice-and-support. You can contact us on 0131 668 8914 or at designations@hes.scot.

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Printed: 28/03/2024 18:55